Persistent left superior vena cava: a case report and review of literature

Authors

  • Sirin Mneimneh Department of Pediatrics, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
  • Ahmad Shatila
  • Ghassan Shehab
  • Mariam Rajab

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5455/2349-3259.ijct20141106

Keywords:

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), Central line

Abstract

Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava (PLSVC) is rare but important congenital vascular anomaly. It results when the left superior cardinal vein caudal to the innominate vein fails to regress. It is most commonly observed in isolation but can be associated with other cardiovascular abnormalities. The presence of PLSVC can render access to the right side of heart challenging via the left subclavian approach, which is a common site of access utilized. Incidental notation of a dilated coronary sinus on echocardiography should raise the suspicion of PLSVC. Here we present a case of PLSVC that was discovered in an infant accidently after central line insertion.

References

Povoski SP. Long-term venous access. In: Pazdur R, Wagman LD, Camphausen KA, Hoskins WJ, eds. Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach Medical Surgical and Radiation Oncology. 11th ed. Lawrence, Kansas: CMP Medica (United Business Media); 2008: 969-980.

Biffi M, Boriani G, Frabetti L, Bronzetti G, Branzi A. Left superior vena cava persistence in patients undergoing pacemaker or cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: a 10-year experience. Chest. 2001;120:139-44.

Perloff JK. Congenital anomalies of vena caval connection. In: Perloff JK, eds. The Clinical Recognition of Congenital Heart Disease. 4th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1994: 703-714.

Buirski G, Jordan SC, Joffe HS, Wilde P. Superior vena caval abnormalities: Their occurrence rate, associated cardiac abnormalities and angiographic classification in a paediatric population with congenital heart disease. Clin Radiol. 1986;37:131-8.

J. Marshall. On the development of the great anterior veins in man and mammalia: including an account of certain remnants of fetal structure found in the adult, a comparative view of these great veins in the different mammalia, an analysis of their occasional peculiarities in the human subject. Philos Trans R Soc Lond. 1850;140:133-69.

R. Fraser, J. Dovrkin, R. Rosall, R. Eidem. Left superior vena cava. Am J Med. 1962;31:711-4

Lenox CC, Zuberbuhler JR, Park SC, Neches WH, Mathews RA, Fricker FJ, et al. Absent right superior vena cava with persistent left superior vena cava: implications and management. Am J Cardiol. 1980;45:117-22.

Neema PK, Manikandan S, Rathod RC. Absent right superior vena cava and persistent left superior vena cava: the perioperative implications. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:40-2.

Postema PG, Rammeloo LA, van Litsenburg R, Rothuis EG, Hruda J. Left superior vena cava in pediatric cardiology associated with extra-cardiac anomalies. Int J Cardiol. 2008;123:302-6.

Cha EM, Khoury GH. Persistent superior vena cava: Radiologic and clinical significance. Radiology. 1972;103:375-81.

Ucar O, Pasaoglu L, Cicekcioglu H, Vural M, Kocaoğlu I, Aydoğdu S. et al. Persistent left superior vena cava with absent right superior vena cava: a case report and review of the literature. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2010;21:164-6.

R. Fraser, J. Dovrkin, R. Rosall, R. Eidem. Left superior vena cava. Am J Med. 1962;31:711-4.

Downloads

Published

2014-11-01